The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) has revealed that Nigeria’s headline inflation rate in May 2026 rose to 15.93 per cent from 15.69 per cent in April, as the pressure from the Iran war continued to affect the global economy.
In the report on Monday, the statistical office showed that the headline inflation rate for May on a month-on-month basis was 1.75 per cent. 0.39 per cent lower than the 2.13 per cent recorded in April 2026.
On an annualised basis, the print was down from 26.06 per cent in the same month of the preceding year (May 2025). This was due to the rebasing of the calculation year from 2009 to 2024.
The rise in prices, which stemmed from the continued conflict in the Middle East, continued to stoke food prices and energy costs, which account for a huge chunk of average spending.
According to the NBS, “this can be attributed to the rate of change in the average prices of the following products: Millet whole grain, yam flour, ginger (Fresh), beef, garri, tam tuber, pepper (Fresh), cray fish, cassava tuber, Beans, Irish Potatoes, tomatoes (fresh), wheat grain (Sold loose), soya beans, guinea corn, plantain, carrots (Fresh) etc.”
The Food inflation rate in May 2026 on a month-on-month basis was 2.98 per cent, down by 0.65 percentage points from April 2026 (3.63 per cent), while on a year-on-year basis, it was 16.96 per cent and stood at 24.55 per cent in the same month of the preceding year (May 2025).
In its recent assessment of Nigeria, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) acknowledged the country’s ongoing macroeconomic reform efforts while warning that rising inflation, deepening poverty, and external shocks linked to geopolitical tensions could undermine recent gains.
The IMF projected a reversal in the disinflation trend, with headline inflation rising from 15.1 per cent in February 2026 to 15.4 per cent in March, driven largely by food price increases. It projected year-end inflation of 17.0 per cent, citing global commodity shocks and domestic pass-through effects.
The lender also recommended that the Central Bank of Nigeria maintain a cautious, data-dependent monetary policy stance following its recent steadying of interest rates at 26.5 per cent.